Welcome back! In my last post, I tell about pointers in C after that I want to tell you about String in C that is used to suggest strings in which the stored data does not represent text. So let's start...
Definition and Concepts:
- A string is a sequence of symbols that are chosen from a set of alphabet. A string is, essentially, a sequence of characters.
- A string is generally understood as a data type storing a sequence of data values, usually bytes, in which elements usually stand for characters according to a character encoding, which differentiates it from the more general array data type.
- When a string appears literally in source code, it is known as a string literal and has a representation that denotes it as such.
char unit;
unit='F'; /*for Fahrenheit*/
...........
unit='C'; /*for Centigrade*/
- Most codes and ID's require more than one character. In mailing addresses, two characters are used to identify a state and five characters are used to identify a zip code. They could be stored in character array as follows:
Declaration of Strings:
In C, a character array is declared using the basic data type char and the derived data type array.
Syntax: char StringName[array_size];
For example, char chararray[n];
The data type here is char, the name of the array is chararray, and n is the number of elements.
Standard Library Functions:
The most commonly used functions in the string library are:
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strlen()
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gets
string length
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strcat()
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Concatenate
two strings
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strncat()
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Concatenate
one string with part of another
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strcpy()
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Copy
a string
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strcmp()
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Compare
two strings
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strrev()
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Reverse
the string
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strlwr()
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Changes
the string from upper to lowercase
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strupr()
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Changes
the string from lower to uppercase
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strstr()
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Finds
location of first substring in the string
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